New energy vehicles are paid more attention both at home and abroad, and fuel cells become important incisions for compressor enterprises
According to the British auto news July 26th, Michael Goff, 25, confirmed that the UK will ban the sale of gasoline and diesel cars in 2040 to achieve the goal of zero emissions in 10 years. Previously, France also planned to stop selling all fuel vehicles in 2040. Prohibition of the use of fossil energy vehicles, Europe has launched a ban on firewood, can replace fossil energy only new energy, maybe after 2040, people walking on both sides of the road no longer need to smell the uncomfortable gasoline smell.
China's new energy vehicles started late, but they have been exploring. New energy vehicles include pure electric vehicles, extended range electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, hydrogen engine cars, and other new energy vehicles. At present, 83% of the domestic new energy vehicles are mainly electric power, and the hybrid power and fuel cell power technology are mastered in Europe and America.
Fuel cell is one of the most important power for new energy vehicles. Fuel cell electric vehicles using hydrogen and oxygen in the air under the action of the catalyst in the fuel cell by electrochemical reaction produces electrical energy as main power, because the main material is produced in the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen energy is high, and the two compounds generated after reaction is water, efficient and environmentally friendly compared with the traditional the fossil energy more, and thus become the core technology of new energy vehicles must be broken.
The fuel cell vehicle is composed of fuel cell system, hydrogen storage bottle, driving motor, vehicle control system and auxiliary battery system. The fuel cell system accounts for about 63% of the cost of the vehicle, which consists of a fuel cell reactor, an air circulation system, a hydrogen supply and a water / heat management system. The core components of fuel cell vehicle can not be separated from air compressor. The development of new energy vehicle is developing rapidly. Fuel cell may become the incision of air compressor into the field of new energy vehicle.
Fuel cell cars are clean and efficient, and one of the core components is air compressor
The fuel cell stack working principle: using proton exchange membrane technology, the hydrogen in the catalyst covered with proton exchange membrane under the action of hydrogen in the anode will be the catalytic decomposition of proton, proton through proton exchange membrane to the cathode, releasing electrons in the decomposition process of hydrogen, through electronic load is led to the cathode, resulting in electric energy.
Hydrogen recycling system working principle: the on-board hydrogen storage bottle of hydrogen after decompression / regulator valve, pressure drop is required, and then through the electric control valve, pressure sensor, flow meter and humidifier into the stack for reaction, a small amount of excess hydrogen into hydrogen recycling system, or processed into the atmosphere.
The cost of the air circulation system accounts for 22% of the battery system, and the energy consumption is 20~30%. The air circulation system is mainly composed of air compressor, expander, motor and connecting pipe. The total cost accounts for 22% of the fuel cell system, and the working energy consumption accounts for 20~30% of the fuel cell output power.
The working principle of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system is that after the air is pressurized by the compressor, it is humidified and sent to the fuel cell reactor, where it produces electrochemical reaction with hydrogen from the hydrogen source, and the output power is used for power output. The input gas after consuming part of the oxygen pressure decreased, discharged from the reactor, through the water, to go after the fog, the expander can recover part of pressure from the pressure in the gas, it is converted into mechanical energy feedback to the air compressor, thereby saving the required power supply unit.
The core components of the fuel cell system are the electric reactor, the air circulation system and the hydrogen circulation system. Among them, the efficient operation of air circulation system directly determines the quality of new energy vehicle, and the essential component of the air circulation system is the air compressor.
Under the same current density, the output voltage of the battery will also increase with the increase of the supply pressure, thus improving the output power of the fuel cell. There is a significant improvement in the management of water / heat in fuel cells by increasing the reaction pressure. In the fuel cell water management is generated by the electrochemical reaction of water and fuel cell battery to keep the air moist entrance to the water, and the sum of exports recovered from the stack of water balance, once the balance is broken, the fuel cell will not work normally. Under low pressure, the water content of air will increase. At the same time, low pressure will slow down the electrochemical reaction of fuel cell, so more water will be discharged into the atmosphere, and the water balance may be broken. The output power of 20% to 30% of the fuel cell will be used to increase the pressure of the air, accounting for 95% of the additional energy consumption. The air compressor is the main component of management system to become the largest in the drive motor outside the fuel cell energy consumption component, its comprehensive performance determines the performance of electric vehicles equipped with fuel cell to a great extent, so the high efficiency, compact, reliable and low cost air management system has become an important task for the current vehicle in the field of fuel cell.
High technical barriers, vortex and twin screw air compressor are the main current technical routes
Because of the special requirements of fuel cell, there are many technical difficulties to be solved in the gas supply system, which makes the widely used industrial compressor unable to meet the needs of fuel cell electric vehicle. On the one hand, in order to ensure the good performance of the proton exchange membrane, the gas supply system is required to supply the fuel cell reactor.